Cervical Screen (formerly Pap Tests)

Why are cervical screens done?

A cervical screen tests for cervical cancer, which is caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). There are many different types of HPV. Some types of HPV cause cervical cancer and other types cause genital warts. Most types do not cause any symptoms. HPV is passed from one person to another through close skin-to-skin contact during intimate sexual contact. Most sexually active people will be exposed to HPV at some point in their lifetime.

The types of HPV found on the cervix cause the cells to change and become abnormal. Often these abnormal cells return to normal once the HPV has cleared, but if it does not, a cervical screen will show the abnormal cells. That allows your healthcare provider to arrange treatment if necessary. If left untreated, abnormal cells can slowly turn into cervical cancer.

Should I have a cervical screen?

If you have ever had any sexual skin-to-skin contact, you need to have regular cervical screens starting at age 25. Screening should be done every five years or as recommended by your healthcare provider. You should still have cervical screening done even if you have been immunized for HPV.

Can I get a cervical screen at Middlesex-London Health Unit?

If you have a primary care provider (family doctor or nurse practitioner) please see them for this service. However, if you do not have a primary care provider and are under age 50, and/or belong to one of the following groups, we can see you for a cervical screen:

• Indigenous peoples
• people experiencing homelessness
• people who use substances intravenously
• people who are new to Canada/speak a language other than English
• sex workers
• young people living in a group home or a youth justice facility
• 2SLGBTQIA+ community members, and youth, not comfortable with their own primary care provider
• people who have experienced previous sexual assault or sexual abuse

If my cervical screen is positive, do I need to tell my partner, and do they need to be tested?

It is up to you whether you tell your partner or not.  If your partner has a penis, there is no way to test for HPV.

Is there another way to test for HPV that is not a cervical screen?

Cervical screening is the only HPV test we have.

How can I prevent HPV?

• Get immunized! If you did not receive the HPV immunization as part of your Grade 7 immunizations, ask your doctor, or one of our clinic doctors, about the HPV vaccine. If you received the Gardasil-4 vaccine in elementary school (attended grade 7/8 before 2019), it is recommended you upgrade to the Gardasil-9 vaccine.
• Practice safe sexual practices, including using a condom or dental dam every time you have sex.